اجازه بدهید همین ابتدا موضوع این درس را در یک جمله بگوییم:
دو فعل have و have got معنی یکسانی دارند و مفهوم داشتن و بیان مالکیت را می‌رسانند.
I have blue eyes = I’ve got blue eyes.
Tom has two sisters. = Tom has got two sisters.
در زیر جدول صرف این دو فعل را آورده‌ایم:
| have | I |
|---|---|
| have | we |
| have | You |
| have | they |
| has | he |
| has | she |
| has | it |
در ستون سمت راست جدول زیر، شکل خلاصه شده نوشته شده است:
|
we’ve got |
have got | we |
|---|---|---|
|
you’ve got |
have got | you |
| they’ve got | have got | they |
| he’s got | has got | he |
| she’s got | has got | she |
| it’s got | has got | it |
اجازه بدهید بعد از بررسی جدول صرف، چند نمونه جمله را با هم ببینیم:
Our car has four doors. = Our car has got four doors.
Sarah Isn’t feeling well. She has a headache. = She‘s got a headache.
They like animals. They have a horse, three dogs, and six cats. = They’ve got a horse …
I don‘t have / I haven’t got
نحوه منفی کردن این دو فعل با همدیگر متفاوت است. به همین دلیل لازم است به این تفاوت توجه کنیم.
برای منفی کردن have از don’t و doesn’t استفاده می‌کنیم:
| have | don’t | I |
|---|---|---|
| have | don’t | you |
| have | don’t | we |
| have | don’t | they |
| have | doesn’t | he |
| have | doesn’t | she |
| have | doesn’t | it |
اما برای منفی کردن have got و has got کافیست مطابق جدول زیر not را بعد از have یا has بیاوریم:
| got | haven’t | I |
|---|---|---|
| got | haven’t | you |
| got | haven’t | we |
| got | haven’t | they |
| got | hasn’t | he |
| got | hasn’t | she |
| got | hasn’t | it |
در مثال‌های زیر نحوه منفی کردن این جملات نشان داده شده است:
I don’t have a car.
or
I haven’t got a car.
They don’t have any children.
or
They haven’t got any children.
It’s a nice house, but it doesn’t have a garage.
or
It’s a nice house, but it hasn’t got a garage.
Mariko doesn’t have a job right now.
or
Mariko hasn’t got a job right now.
سوالی کردن have و have got
نحوه سوالی کردن have و have got هم با هم متفاوت و به نوعی مشابه نحوه منفی کردن آنهاست.
برای سوالی کردن have از do و does استفاده می‌کنیم. در جدول زیر شیوه انجام این کار توضیح داده شده است:
|
have |
I |
DO |
|---|---|---|
| have | you | do |
| have | we | do |
| have | they | do |
| have | he | does |
| have | she | does |
| have | it | does |
اما برای سوالی کردن جمله حاوی have got کافیست جای have و فاعل جمله را جابجا کنیم:
|
got |
I |
have |
|---|---|---|
| got | you | have |
| got | we | have |
| got | they | have |
| got | he | has |
| got | she | has |
| got | it | has |
اجازه بدهید چند مثال زیر را با هم بخوانیم:
– Does Jennifer have a cart? Yes, she does!
or
– Has Jennifer got a car? – Yes, she has.
What kind of car does she have?
or
What kind of car has she got?
How many children do they have?
or
How many children have they got?
– Do you have a camera? – No, I don’t.or
– Have you got a camera? – No, I haven’t.
درسته. اشتباه از من بود که با اساتید درافتادم. اما واقعا جای تعجبه چرا اینطوریه. اون کسی که اولین بار گرامر انگلیسی رو درست کرد واقعا چی تو مغزش بود!! هر چه بیشتر سخت و غیر قابل پیش بینی تر کنم زبان بهتری می شه. اون از املا و تلفظ این از گرامر.
Yes of course
سلام. باتشکر از آموزشای خوب. یه جا رو اشتباه نوشتی
Does jennifer have a cart
درحالیکه بعد سوم شخص has میاد.
سلام بهزاد عزیز
اشتباه نیست
جمله she has رو اگه سوالی کنیم میشه does she have